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During the period of maximum development of Nuraghic, around the tenth century BC, Sardinia began to be frequented by other Mediterranean populations with the Sardinians who establish a series of reports, initially only trade, then also the political and military were the first the Phoenicians.

Phoenicia was a barren strip of land between the mountains of Lebanon and the sea in the eastern Mediterranean, not suitable for agriculture, it was rather rich coasts that facilitated travel. So it was that the Phoenicians, a people of Semitic origin, devoted to navigation and trade, reaching even to go beyond the strait of Gibraltar. During their travels landed on the coast foreign, founding numerous colonies that became important commercial basis.

Attracted by the fertility of the soil and the richness of the mines between 1000 and 900 BC, also reached the coast of Sardinia.

In a column tomb dating from the ninth century BC (the Nora stele, preserved in the National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari) points out that the erection of a temple to the god Cypriot Pumay appears for the first time the name " Sardinia ", more exactly the name SHRDN, missing vowels, as in all Semitic languages.

Phoenicians created the first small towns utilizzavano come scali marittimi; ma nel giro di un secolo questi insediamenti si trasformarono in città vere e proprie.

Karalis, Nora, Bithia, Tharros, Sulcis divennero i punti di riferimento per i traffici nel Mediterraneo che ancora non conosceva il dominio dell'impero Romano.

Nacquero altri centri minori e anch'essi svolsero un ruolo di rilievo: è il caso di Othoca, e Cornus presso Oristano, di Neapolis nei pressi di Santa Maria di Nabui e di Monte Sirai presso Carbonia.

I rapporti tra le popolazioni nuragiche e i Fenici furono probabilmente pacifici: la collocazione costiera delle città fenicie, in zone in cui non esistevano precedenti insediamenti nuragici, fa pensare che non esistessero ragioni of conflict between them, but it is assumed that there was a relationship of cooperation and commercial exchange.

contact with the Phoenicians brought benefits to the peoples of the island is of a spiritual or material. In addition to writing the Nuragici knew the city, a form of community organization for their new god and knew different from those who had worshiped for centuries.

also improve the living conditions of nuragici, who learned to exploit more fully the natural resources of the island: the Phoenicians, it must be the introduction of palm and olive crops, techniques for the production of salt, and for fishing.

The Phoenicians helped the Sardinians a sfruttare i giacimenti minerari, fecero conoscere loro il ferro e l'oro, portarono nell'isola prodotti esotici: calderoni e porta torce bronzei, raffinate ceramiche e vasetti di olio profumato.

Fonte:Il sardo.it